U.S. Army Prototype Anti-Armor Hand Grenade from 1973 – A Shaped Charge Packed in a Hollowed-Out NERF Football !
Author: Grumpy
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The Ithaca 37 Shotgun
While I was pretending to be a Soldier in Mr. Reagan’s Army. I was very briefly issued one of these great shotguns.
Latter on in the “Real World”. I was lucky enough to shoot a couple of series of Trap with one. Where I found it to be a great handling gun.
My only complaint is that I can never find one for sale at a reasonable price. But I know that my day will come!
Here is some more information about this great Scattergun! Thanks for everything! Grumpy
Attachments area
Ithaca 37
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| Ithaca Model 37 | |
|---|---|
Ithaca 37
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|
| Type | Shotgun |
| Place of origin | United States |
| Service history | |
| Wars | World War II Korean War Vietnam War 1989 attack on La Tablada barracks |
| Production history | |
| Designer | John Browning |
| Designed | 1933 |
| Manufacturer | Ithaca Gun Company Industrias Marcati |
| Produced | 1937—present |
| Variants | Bataan Modelo 71 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | Varies |
| Length | 760mm-1006mm |
| Barrel length | 13 inches (330 mm) to 30 inches (760 mm) |
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| Cartridge | 12, 16, 20, or 28 gauge |
| Barrels | plain ribbed rifled |
| Action | manually operated, pump-action |
| Feed system | 4, 5, or 7-round tubular magazine(riot, standard, and extended tube versions) |
The Ithaca 37 is a pump-action shotgun made in large numbers for the civilian, military, and police markets. It utilizes a novel combination ejection/loading port on the bottom of the gun which leaves the sides closed to the elements. Since shotshells load and eject from the bottom, operation of the gun is equally convenient for both right and left hand shooters. This makes the gun popular with left-handed shooters. The model 37 is considered one of the most durable and reliable shotguns ever produced.
Contents
[hide]
History
The Ithaca 37 is based on a 1915 patent by the famous firearms designer John Browning, initially marketed as the Remington Model 17. The Model 17 was a 20-gauge of trim proportions, which Remington later redesigned and refined into the popular side-ejecting Remington Model 31. The Model 31 would eventually be replaced in production by the Remington 870 which was less expensive to manufacture.
Following the First World War, the Ithaca Gun Company was searching for a pump-action shotgun to produce, primarily to compete with the ubiquitous Winchester Model 1912. They settled on waiting for Remington Model 17 patents to expire. After gearing for production of the Ithaca Model 33, they discovered a Pedersen patent that would not expire until 1937; along with the introduction date, they changed the model designation from 33 to 37.
With the depression dragging on and war looming on the horizon, it was possibly the worst time to introduce a sporting arm. Many sporting arms ceased production entirely during the same period. While Ithaca did produce some shotguns for military use during the war, they also produced M1911 pistols and M3 Grease Guns.
After WW-II, Ithaca resumed production of the Model 37. Made in many different models, the Ithaca 37 has the longest production run for a pump-action shotgun in history, surpassing that of the Winchester Model 12 that had originally inspired Ithaca to produce pump-action shotguns. Ithaca has suffered many setbacks in its history, changing hands numerous times. At one time, the Ithaca 37 was renamed the Model 87, although it was soon changed back in one of many ownership changes. Production paused in 2005 when Ithaca once again changed hands. Production has resumed in Upper Sandusky, Ohio.
Users
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The model 37 was used by the United States armed forces in World War 2, the Korean War, and especially the Vietnam War, where it gained a great reputation for reliability in the jungles of Vietnam. The largest single users outside the US Military were the New York City Police Department in 2 versions- 13″ barrel with forend hand-strap for the Emergency Service Unit and 18″ barrel for the Highway Patrol and the Los Angeles Police Department. Along with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, numerous other users include military, police, security agencies, and prisons around the world. The Ithaca 37 remains a popular choice among civilians for both sport and personal protection. The model 37 featherlight was commonly seen in the hands of farmers and hunters in the Midwestern United States.
Operation
Loading the Ithaca 37 involves inserting shotshells of the proper gauge through the loading/ejection port in the bottom of the receiver and pushing them forward into the magazine until retained by the shell stop. The slide release is pressed and the slide retracted completely then pushed forward. Pulling the trigger fires the gun and releases the slide for reloading. On most models up to 1975, a second sear was installed that would drop the hammer as soon the gun went into battery if the trigger was in a depressed condition. Thus, holding the trigger down allowed the gun to fire the instant a new round is cycled into the chamber without requiring the trigger to be released; this feature was called “slam-fire”. Otherwise, the model 37 operates in much the same way as other pump-action shotguns.
Versions
There are versions too numerous to mention. Here are some popular models:
- S-prefix: were manufactured for a 1962 United States military contract. S-prefixed serial numbers ran from approximately 1,000 to 23,000 with “U.S.” on the receiver and “P” proof markings on the barrel and receiver. The guns have a Parkerized finish with a 20 inches (51 cm) barrel and plain stock with plastic butt plate and no sling swivels. A few later contracts produced smaller numbers of guns with sling swivels and serial numbers in the high 900,000 range. Some had “duckbill spreader” shot diverters for use by United States Navy SEALs. Others were fitted with a ventilated handguard and bayonet adopter. New bayonets were manufactured by General Cutlery, Inc. and Canada Arsenal, Ltd.[1]
- Ultralite: an aluminum receiver variation.
- Deerslayer: a version with a shortened barrel and rifle-style sighting system.
- DSPS: for Deerslayer Police Special. A military and police version
- Stakeout: short version with a 13 inches (330 mm) barrel and pistol grip stock, which was notable for being the signature weapon for Ricardo Tubbs, Philip Michael Thomas‘ character on Miami Vice as well as being the secondary weapon of Corporal Hicks in Aliens (although it was technically a modified hunting variant) and Aliens: Colonial Marines, where it has the words “no fate” carved into the top, a reference to Michael Biehn‘s role in The Terminator.
- 28 Gauge: 28 gauge model built on traditional size 28 gauge receiver.[2]
- Defense: an affordable 12 or 20 gauge model built for home defense purposes. 18.5″ barrel with 5-round capacity or 20″ barrel with 8-round capacity.
Argentine variants
The Argentine firm Industrias Marcati manufactured the Ithaca 37 under licence as the Bataan Modelo 71
by | September 24th, 2010 0 Comments
Jack Weaver, who developed the stance that bears his name, passes away at age 80. but his legacy lives on.
The Leatherslap competition led Jack Weaver to develop his namesake stance. Prior to that, there was a lot more missing than hitting at Leatherslap. (That’s Jeff Cooper peering out from the hay bale behind Weaver.)
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As the story goes, the late Col. Jeff Cooper and a bunch of like-minded shooters were participating in Cooper’s Leatherslap competition back in the late 1950s–shooting from the hip as they blazed away at balloons less than 10 feet away. They missed. A lot.
Then along came Jack Weaver, a Los Angeles County deputy sheriff.
“Most of the talk was about how fast different contestants were; ‘hundredths of a second’ seemed very important,” Weaver, referring to the first Leatherslap in 1956, wrote in the February 1994 issue of Handguns. “Nobody ever mentioned accuracy–that problem was somehow going to take care of itself, like all the Westerns on TV during that time.”
Weaver set out to find a better way, and when he showed up at Leatherslap the following year, he tried point-shooting with two hands on the gun, which he extended about 1.5 feet from his stomach.
“It worked pretty good in practice but was a complete flop at the contest.…A short time later I discovered that if I tilted my head down a little and brought the gun up a foot higher, I could see the sights. Eureka–something that worked every time and was still pretty fast!”
The following year, Weaver won Leatherslap and won a lot of converts as well. It wasn’t long before everybody was using what became known as the Weaver Stance–shooting with a two-handed grip in which the firing hand pushes forward as the support hand, which is wrapped around the firing hand, pulls back.
At the time, though, the inventor himself hadn’t really given the details a whole lot of consideration.
“No thought was given to foot position, recoil control or pushing with one hand and pulling with the other,” Weaver wrote. “I found out all kinds of things about myself that I didn’t know until I read them in gun magazines.…I had to go out and fire a few rounds to see if I really did push the right and pull the left arm–sure enough!”
Weaver’s two-handed, shoot-with-sights style was adopted by both Jeff Cooper for the Modern Technique and embraced by the FBI.
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Col. Cooper was so impressed with the Weaver Stance that he made it one of the foundations of his famed Modern Technique. The FBI was so impressed that in 1982 it embraced his technique after an in-depth study of handgun shooting, calling it the “quickest ‘on target’ technique with first-hit capability, as well as having the weapon remain on target after recoil.”
“The important thing is the hand position on the gun (no wrist grabbing or palm-under-the-hand stuff),” Weaver wrote in Handguns. “I put my left thumb over my right and squeeze tighter with my left (weak) and than the right…The rest is up to the individual. Unless you are a Jack Weaver clone, you can’t be expected to do everything exactly like I do.”
Weaver never sought fame nor glory, never sold videos, never wrote books, which in a way is a shame because as a pioneer of combat shooting it seems he could have taught us so much. But at least we can pass on this little pearl of wisdom from his 1994 letter to the magazine:
“So, my free advice is: Practice, experiment, shoot in competition, stick to one gun, one style (no last-second decisions) and don’t wait until you’re in a shootout to find out what works and what doesn’t.”
The father of the Weaver Stance died at his Carson City, Nevada, home last April. He was 80 years old.
Read more: http://www.handgunsmag.com/tactics-training/tactics_training_hg_deathofa_-200909/#ixzz55B28AzNl
____________________________________
Jack Weaver (1 November 1928 – 7 April 2009) was a Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriffand the developer of the Weaver stance, a popular shooting stance for firing handguns.[1]
Biography[edit]
Weaver was born on November 1, 1928 in South Gate, California. He was the second youngest in a family of five children. Weaver briefly attended Glendale Community Collegebut left when he was drafted into the U.S. Army. It was around this time that he met Joy Moniot, whom he married on Aug. 30, 1952, in Glendale, California.
He was a member of the L.A. County Sheriff’s Pistol Team, along with Ray Chapman[2] and several other world class shooters. In 1955, the team and individuals won the national championships at the Toledo, OH combat range using both one and two handed stances. The team defended the trophy for most of the following decade at practice matches in preparation for the National Pistol Matches, held shortly thereafter at Camp Perry, OH.
Weaver retired from the L.A. County Sheriff’s department in 1979, and resided near Carson City, Nevada until his death.
Weaver stance[edit]
The Weaver stance was developed by Jack Weaver in 1959 to compete in Jeff Cooper’s “Leatherslap” matches.[3] The stance, which incorporates a two-handed grip, isometrictension to reduce muzzle flip, and aimed fire using the weapon’s sights, was adopted in 1982 as the official shooting style of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
References[edit]
- Jump up^ Jack Weaver Remembered Retrieved on July 23, 2009
- Jump up^ About Ray Chapman Retrieved on September 4, 2014
- Jump up^ Death Of A Pistol Pioneer Retrieved on July 23, 2009
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Our Federal Tax Dollars at work!
Japanese sergeant major uses body to shield soldiers from volcanic debris, gets killed himself
Fearless hero saved lives in exchange for his own during recent Mt. Kusatsu-Shirane eruption.
Volcanic eruptions in Japan have claimed the lives of people before, sometimes inescapably, and sometimes because they should’ve evacuated instead of staying to take pictures. But other times when Mother Nature rears her terrifying head, there just isn’t enough time to react.
A Japan Ground Self-Defence Force (JGSDF) unit was carrying out ski training on the snowy slopes of Mt. Kusatsu-Shirane in Gunma Prefecture on 23 January when it erupted, spewing out projectile rocks at blinding speeds.
▼ Incredible places of beauty,
snowy mountains can be also extremely deadly.
Sergeant Major Takayuki Izawa and his soldiers immediately took refuge in a small grove of trees while rocks continued raining down from the sky. Seeing that the leaves of trees did little to cushion debris impact, Izawa used his body as a shield to protect his comrades.
A rock that would have hurtled straight into the group struck Izawa squarely in the back instead, critically injuring the sergeant major. It wasn’t long before help arrived, but the wound was grave and he was heard saying that his lungs hurt.
Izawa then suffered cardiac arrest and passed away while being transported to a hospital.
▼ The heartbreaking news, presented here
in this tweet, shocked netizens.
【部下に覆いかぶさり背中に噴石直撃…死亡陸曹長】
訓練中、一番、守らなければいけない隊員を守る。それが自衛隊。
仮に８人のグループなら、その中で一番技量の劣る隊員のレベルがそのグループのレベルになる。リーダーは、その隊員を守りながらその隊員の技量を高めますhttp://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/14209779/ …噴火で死亡した自衛隊員 部下に覆いかぶさり背中に噴石が直撃
今回の噴火で死亡した陸上自衛隊第１２旅団第１２ヘリコプター隊の伊沢隆行陸曹長（４９）が、部下の隊員をかばって噴石の直撃を受けていたことが２５日、関係者への取材でわかった。一方、陸自と群馬県は同日、
news.livedoor.com
According to his friends, Izawa worked in JGSDF for over 20 years before retiring five years ago to study to be a chiropractic in Aomori Prefecture. It seemed he couldn’t stay away from the duties of protecting his nation for long though, as he decided to re-enlist in 2017.
His teacher described the sergeant major as a very motivated and passionate student, while others thought of him as a person who was always smiling, putting everyone around him at ease.
Japanese netizens were greatly saddened by the passing of a brave hero who placed his comrades’ safety before his:
“I’ll pray for his soul. To the comrades he fought to protect, please live life to your fullest. The Self-Defence Force is the pride of Japan.”
“It’s really noble to sacrifice your life to save others. The JGSDF just lost one of their most outstanding soldiers. I’ll pray for you, may you rest in peace.”
“My heart burns with pride knowing that our people are protected by someone as great as him.”
Soldiers of the JGSDF undergo intense training to protect Japan, a duty that Sergeant Major Takayuki Izawa carried out to the best of his ability. His presence will not only be missed by those he sought to protect, but by everyone he shared his life with.
Source: Livedoor News, Sankei News via Hachima Kiko
Top image: Pakutaso
Insert image: Pakutaso
Categories
Women with their act together!
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HOW TO PROPERLY FIRE A GUN
Now that we know a little about gun sights and how to use them, we should discuss the rest of the steps of firing a shot and what your resulting group on paper will tell you. Combined with the first article on sight picture, and a planned article on sight adjustment, this will explain the fundamentals of shooting accurately at close distances. This, in turn, will lead to discussion of shooting positions, and, ultimately, ballistics.
Respiration and its effects on accuracy
One of the more important things to understand about accurate shooting, whether it be pistols or rifles, is that you cannot hold sights on target continuously. Two things prevent you from doing that, and those are that your muscles get tired, and your breathing will mess you up.
I teach rifle shooting as one of my hobbies, and, paradoxically, it is often the young guys, in shape, who also think they know how to shoot, that end up getting out shot by their less physically strong and less experienced wives, girlfriends, or kids. The dudes try to muscle the rifle onto the target, instead of using something commonly called natural point of aim, which abbreviates to NPOA.
Although the discussion is incomplete without explaining shooting positions in depth, the idea behind NPOA is, when you are in a shooting position (prone, seated, or standing), the rifle will point somewhere naturally. This is most easily seen if you shoulder a rifle, and close your eyes. Breathe a couple times, then open them, and notice that the rifle is NOT where you left it on the target.
Establishing NPOA
The novice will quickly move the rifle with his arms where it needs to go, and wonder why his groups are inconsistent. This is because muscle control is not precise, especially over time as you get tired. The trick is to not move your arms, but to move your body. It is best explained by a question posed to a WWII fighter pilot of “how do you aim the guns?” by a young boy. The answer: “You don’t aim the guns; you aim the plane.” The rifle and your body is a unit, move them together to stay reliably on target.
The second concept is breathing. Every marksmanship coach has their thing; the programs I teach come from the old Army shooting courses, which is now only done by the Marine Corps. The key concept here is repeatability. You can’t hold your breath, low oxygen will ruin your shooting, and the act of breathing will move your sights as your diaphragm moves. You want to fire at the end of a breath. Breath normally, exhale normally and completely, and squeeze the trigger at the end of the exhalation, during that 3 to 5 second window before you need to breathe again.
This is called “Rifleman’s Cadence” and is what “rapid fire” actually is. Once you have your position and NPOA dialed in, you should be able to fire one accurate shot (later, more) per breath, on a target, at any range, and continue until you run out of ammo, or need to switch targets.
Focus
Riflery is a Zen sport. You lie on the ground, control your breathing, and get into the zone where it’s just you, your weapon, and your target. You must have two kinds of focus here, with the first being mental. Don’t worry about other things, concentrate on good shooting.
Even if Massad Ayoob himself uncorks a compact .44 in the lane next to you, focus on YOUR shooting.
The second focus is visual. If you are shooting an iron sighted rifle, you need to focus your eye on the front sight. Not the back sight, and not the target. The back sight exists to frame the front sight, and the target is there, and you can’t move it. The only thing you can move is the front sight, and that is what you should focus your eyes upon.
The target is blurry, the rear sight is blurry, but the front sight is in focus. This works for pistols and rifles.
Scopes are both harder and easier. Sometimes, you can focus on both the crosshair and the target, but you need to prioritize the crosshair. Often, you can see your bullet holes, and you can over exaggerate your sight movement at high power, so your target shooting should be done at lowest power on a scope so you don’t chase your bullet holes of previous shots, or get overly concerned with the sights movement and “fuss the shot.”
Trigger control
Most people, misinformed by Hollywood, think that you yank the trigger and it will result in an accurate shot. There are only two times I can think of to punch a trigger, with the first being wing shooting (clay pigeons and skeet and dove hunting, etc) which is a totally different style of shooting, and the second being close range shooting where you are under a time crunch to send lead down range, and a little bit of disruption to your aim by punching the trigger can be afforded. However, many excellent shooters can shoot very fast with good trigger control.
Triggers are a mixed bag, and most stock triggers on budget rifles are bad, but that shouldn’t stop anyone from shooting poorly when they know what they are doing. There are a few terms we should know about triggers. Take-up is the slack in the trigger from its at-rest position until you feel decent resistance.
If it’s a one stage trigger, that resistance after the take-up will “break” at a certain force (usually measured in pounds over here, kilograms elsewhere), and the sear will be released and the hammer or striker will actuate. If it’s a two stage trigger, there will be a lighter force first section, and a stronger second section before the trigger breaks. I tend to think single stage triggers are more for match shooting, and two stage triggers are more for duty/combat work.
Overtravel is when a trigger breaks, but keeps going past that spot, and it can be adjusted out with stop screws and internal work. Sear reset is when you release the trigger after the shot, and the sear resets itself to shoot again. (Full auto guns work differently in that area.) Creep is when you put the amount of force needed to break the trigger on it, but it moves further before breaking, instead of breaking “like a glass rod.” Lastly, roughness in the mechanism is often compared to being gritty.
When firing, you want to press the trigger through its take-up before you fire, and apply some force (either enough to get to the second stage or not enough to break the first stage if it’s a single stage) and keep it there. As you cycle your breath, and the sights come back on the target, apply the last amount of force and break the shot.
Once the shot goes off, you must do two things. Firstly, you must follow through. A golfer does not stop his swing after he hits the ball, he goes all the way. You should not reflexively let go of the trigger, either, for two reasons. The first is that it can actually disrupt your aim, even though the bullet is mostly gone down the barrel, and the second is that you do not need to fully release the trigger to shoot again. If you hold the trigger down after a shot, and release it slowly, the gun will make a click when you reset the sear, and that’s all you need to do. This saves you time on the next shots.
The second thing you must do is call your shot. You must know where the sights are when the shot goes off, and you must be able to call fliers, which are off target shots due to bad aim. If you know you threw a flier out of a group of five, and know it went high left, when you go down to the target, you know to discount the one high and left, knowing that it’s not the gun that did that.
Shot group analysis
In the first article, we covered sight alignment and sight picture. We just discussed breathing, focus, firing the shot, and follow through. Doing this properly, with a good position and sling use (look for these in future articles), will result in good groups.
A group is your collection of holes from the amount of rounds you fired into the target. These should be shot in a string in cadence, and are usually five shots. What we are going to concentrate on now is the shape of group, and not where it is on the target. The size and shape of the group is on you, the shooter. Where the group is on the target is on the rifle, and you fix that by sight adjustment, which will be the next article in this three part series, but the takeaway point here is that you must fix your shooting before you fix the sights, otherwise you won’t know how to fix them.
I will cover the most common group errors I see on firing lines.
Wide open group: This group has rounds all over the place, and it means that the shooter does not have a solid shooting position, or does not have NPOA established.
Vertical stringing: These rounds are in a line up and down, and show that the shooter is not shooting at a consistent point in his breathing cycle.
Horizontal stringing: These rounds are in a line left and right, and indicate bad trigger control.
Diagonal stringing: Bad breathing, and either also bad trigger control, or poor position with the support elbow not under the rifle.
Two groups: This shows that the shooter changed something mid string of fire, and, since you can’t tell which is which, you need to eliminate the change before further addressing the problem.
Note that these groups can be wherever on the target, and, if they are off target, as well as having a shape problem, it means there is a human problem AND a sights problem.
Conclusion
Although I will attempt to break up the monotony of the shooting tutorials here soon, since these are admittedly getting a little dry, with something like “Idiots Seen In The Gun Store,” like the efforts of my colleague Br. Moner, I am trying to get someplace and stick an 8 hour class into a series of articles.
I do agree with one of the comments in the previous article in particular that Ed said. “Don’t learn to shoot from a webpage.” Although I’d happily take anyone here shooting if I could, and I would feel completely competent keeping you safe and teaching good habits and skill on a range in person, the internet, even with videos, leaves a lot to be desired. My intention is to awaken your awareness of the shooting discipline so that you will seek out competent instruction of your own and that my words might help you to discern good instruction from bad and know which areas of the sport, if any, you might be interested in pursuing. Be safe.
Read More: How To Properly Aim A Firearm
Categories
CZ75a Semi Auto Pistol
Now I have heard some mighty good things about this pistol. From some trusted Sources that I know personally out there in the field.
In that this pistol is a very good shooter. That its inside rails of the upper receiver make for a more solid and reliable shooting platform.
Also that it looks and acts a lot like a more newer version of the Classic Browning Hi Power. So all that I can say. Is that I am looking forward to shooting this puppy soon!
Thanks for sharing your time with me!
Grumpy
Here is ome more & probably better information about this fine pistol!
I get the feeling that Hickox 45 likes this gun!
https://youtu.be/KbWIEJhkD-k Watch around 6:07 for the CZ Knock off
CZ 75
| CZ 75 | |
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 “Pre-B” version of the CZ 75.
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| Type | Semi-automatic pistol |
| Place of origin | Czechoslovakia Czech Republic |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1976–present |
| Used by | See Users |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Josef and František Koucký |
| Designed | 1975 |
| Manufacturer | Česká zbrojovka |
| Produced | 1976–present |
| No. built | 1,000,000+ (October 12, 2007)[1] |
| Variants | see Variants and Derivatives |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 1.12 kg (2.47 lb) |
| Length | 206.3 mm (8.1 in) |
| Barrel length | 120 mm (4.7 in) |
| Width | 32.6mm (1.3 in) |
| Height | 138mm (5.4 in) |
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| Cartridge | 9×19mm Parabellum 9×21mm |
| Action | short recoil, tilting barrel |
| Rate of fire | semi-automatic |
| Effective firing range | 25 m (for 9mm CZ-75 family and CZ-75 Automatic) |
| Feed system | detachable box magazine, 12–26 rd depending on version and caliber |
| Sights | Front blade, rear square notch |
| CZ P-01 | |
|---|---|
 The CZ P-01
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| Type | Semi-automatic pistol |
| Place of origin | Czech Republic |
| Service history | |
| Used by | Czech police |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1999 |
| Manufacturer | Česká zbrojovka |
| Produced | 2001– |
| No. built | ? |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 0.77 kg (1.7 lb) with empty magazine |
| Length | 184 mm (7.2 in) |
| Barrel length | 98.5 mm (3.9 in) |
| Width | 35 mm (1.4 in) |
| Height | 128 mm (5.3 in) |
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| Caliber | 9×19mm Parabellum |
| Action | short recoil, tilting barrel |
| Rate of fire | semi-automatic |
| Feed system | detachable box magazine |
| Sights | Front blade, rear square notch |
The CZ 75 is a pistol made by Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod(CZUB) in the Czech Republic that has both semi-automatic and select
Contents
[hide]
History[edit]
Development of CZ 75[edit]
The armament industry was an important part of the interwarCzechoslovak
Following the Second World War, brothers Josef and František Koucký became the most important engineers of the CZUB. They participated to some extent on designing all the company’s post-war weapons. Kouckýs signed their designs together, using only the surname, making it impossible to determine which one of them developed particular ideas.[2]
By 1969 František Koucký was freshly retired, however the company offered him a job on designing a new 9×19mm Parabellum pistol. Unlike during his previous work, this time he had a complete freedom in designing the whole gun from scratch. The design he developed was in many ways new and innovative (see Design details).[2]
Although the model was developed for export purposes (the standard pistol cartridge of the Czechoslovak armed forces was the Soviet 7.62×25mm Tokarev, which was later replaced with the Warsaw Pactstandard 9mm Makarov pistol cartridge), Koucký’s domestic patents regarding the design were classified as “secret patents”. Effectively, nobody could learn about their existence, but also nobody could register the same design in Czechoslovakia. At the same time Koucký as well as the company were prohibited from filing for patent protection abroad. Consequently, a large number of other manufacturers began offering pistols based on CZ 75 design (see Clones, copies, and variants by other manufacturers).[2]
The pistol was not sold in Czechoslovakia until 1985, when it became popular among sport shooters (sport shooting is the third most widespread sport in the Czech Republic, after football and ice hockey[3]). It was adopted by the Czech armed forces only after the Velvet Revolution in 1989.[2]
Development of sport variants of CZ 75[edit]
The increasing popularity of the IPSC competitions in the Czech Republic led to inception of CZUB‘s factory team in 1992. Initially, the sport shooters were using CZ 75s and CZ 85s. Stanislav Křižíkdesigned a new version called CZ 75 Champion already in 1992. This version had a SA trigger, a muzzle brake and adjustable weights. 150 firearms were initially made in 9×19mm Parabellum, .40 S&W and 9×21mm. The design was further modified (i.e. the adjustable weights were eliminated, a new compensator was developed), however its main shortcoming of the same capacity as the standard CZ 75 magazines (15/16 in 9mm, 12 in .40 S&W) remained.[4]
The CZ 75 ST (Standard) and CZ 75 M (Modified) were introduced in 1998. These had a different frame from standard versions allowing for more modifications. While the ST had become very successful, M was not initially designed for use with collimator, the use of which led to limited lifespan of its frame.[4]
The popular ST version was further developed mostly with aim of prolonging its lifespan, which led to introduction of CZ 75 TS (Tactical Sports) in 2005. It uses a longer barrel (132 mm) and has also a higher weight (1,285 g) compared to the standard model. High-capacity magazines may use either 20 of the 9mm rounds or 17 of the .40 rounds. As of 2013, the model is used by the CZUB’s factory shooters in the IPSC Standard division, with a custom-made version CZ 75 Tactical Sports Open being also available.[4]
In 2009, the sale of CZ 75 TS Czechmate began. The model is a development of the CZ 75 TS Open, available in 9×19mm Parabellum and 9×21mm with magazine capacity of 20 or 26 rounds. As standard, the gun is sold with US made C-More Systems’ collimator. CZUB claims that its factory shooter Martin Kameníček had shot 150,000 rounds through the gun in 5 years, in which time he only needed to change the barrel once in order to maintain precision.[4]
Design details[edit]
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The CZ 75 is a short recoil operated, locked breech pistol. It uses the Browning linkless cam locking system similar to that used in the Browning Hi-Power pistol, where the barrel and slide are locked together on firing, using locking lugs milled into the barrel mating with recesses in the roof of the slide. An enclosed cam track integral with the barrel is actuated by the slide release lever’s transverse pin. After the first few millimetres of the recoil stroke, the barrel is cammed downwards at the rear, enabling the slide to continue the recoil stroke and eject the spent cartridge.
Most models have the capability of being fired in both single and double-action
The CZ 75 was one of the first high-capacity 9mm pistols with a manual safety similar to that of the Browning Hi-Power. This allows the CZ 75 to be carried with the hammer cocked with safety applied and a round chambered, ready for use simply by switching the safety off, a configuration known as condition 1. It is somewhat unusual for double-action pistols to have this “cocked and locked” type of safety; most such as the Walther P38 and the Beretta 92F have a combination safety/decocking lever (as do some later versions of the CZ 75). The trade-off of this configuration is that to uncock the hammer for a double-action first shot, the hammer must be dropped manually by pulling the trigger while lowering the hammer with the firer’s thumb under control. Once lowered in this manner, a double-action first shot can be achieved in a similar manner to other double-action pistols without actuating any controls. Subsequent shots will be single-action unless the hammer is again manually lowered.
All non-double-action only CZ-75 variants feature a “half-cock” notch. This is not a safety position, but rather an operator aid to provide a safe place to manually decock the pistol. All of the “decocker” models decock to this position, and the manual advises not to attempt to place the hammer further on any model.
Unlike most other semi-auto pistols, the slide rides inside the frame rails, similar to the SIG P210, rather than outside. This provides a tight slide-to-frame fit and a very efficient barrel lock-up, both of which contribute to its accuracy.
On current models frames are cast and slides are machined from forgings, though forged frames have been used in very early production models. The six-groove barrel has traditional land-and-groove rifling with a higher-than-standard rate of twist (1 in 9.7).
A 9mm hollow-point bullet fired from a CZ-75 SP-01, photographed with an air-gap flash.
Variants and derivatives [edit]
CZ variants of the CZ 75 include:
- CZ 75
- The original CZ 75, easily identified by the heavily-stepped slide and short slide rails.
- CZ 75
- Late version, easily identified by longer slide rails and shorter slide-step.
- CZ 75 B
- Second-generation CZ 75 with internal firing pin safety, squared and serrated trigger guard, and ring hammer.
- CZ 75 BD
- A variant of the now-common CZ 75B (B standing for firing pin Block) with a decocker replacing the traditional manual safety. (D stands for Decocker.) This variant is quickly becoming the most common of the CZ 75B models, due to the additional safety the decocker safety provides.
- CZ 75 BD POLICE
- Variant of the CZ 75 BD equipped with loaded chamber indicator, reversible magazine catch, lanyard ring, checkered front and back strap of the grip and serrated trigger as standard. Most POLICE models have “POLICE” stamped on the slide. A smaller amount exclude “POLICE” but have front slide serrations.
- CZ 75 B Stainless
- Stainless steel version of the CZ 75 B. Available in a high gloss and matte stainless finish. Also available in the New/Limited Edition (sand blasted finish with sides of the slide and frame decoratively ground). All stainless models feature ambidextrous safeties.
- CZ 75B Omega
- A version of the CZ 75B with a factory-reworked trigger group. It is available chambered for 9 mm or .40 S&W.
- CZ 85
- An updated version of the CZ 75 that’s also ambidextrous.
- CZ 85B
- A CZ 85 with a firing pin block.
- CZ 85BD
- A CZ 85 B with a decocking lever, instead of a safety.
- CZ 85 Compact
- A limited production compact CZ 85 with under-barrel accessory rail and chambered in .40 S&W. Identical to the current CZ 75 compact in .40 S&W.
- CZ 85 Combat
- adds an adjustable rear sight, extended magazine release, drop-free magazine and overtravel adjustment on the trigger. Lacks a firing pin safety so that firing pins can be replaced without special fitting.
- CZ 97B
- .45 ACP version of the CZ 75 B
- CZ 97 BD
- .45 ACP version of the CZ 75 BD
- CZ 75 Compact
- A standard CZ 75 with a slightly shortened grip and 3.9-inch barrel. There is now a version available chambered for the .40 S&W.
- CZ 75 SemiCompact
- Combines the frame, grip and capacity of the full size CZ 75 with the shortened (by 20mm) barrel and slide of the CZ 75 Compact.
- CZ 75 PČR Compact
- Very compact – similar to the P-01 in size, but lacks an M3 rail frame and features a smaller muzzle point and snag free sights. A popular choice for a carry weapon, known for its inherent accuracy and weight distribution.
- CZ 75B SA
- A CZ 75 which has a single-action trigger mechanism and a drop-free magazine. It is available chambered for 9 mm or .40 S&W.
- CZ 75B DAO
- A CZ 75 that has a longer and heavier, constant trigger pull (double-action only). Chambered for 9mm and .40 S&W. Featuring no external safety or decocker. As well as a bobbed hammer. This model is no longer in production.
- CZ 75 P-01
- A CZ 75 Compact variant intended for law enforcement use, with an aluminum alloy frame, decocker and under-barrel accessory rail. It is the new weapon of choice for the Czech National Police since 2001. It received NATO certification after undergoing extensive testing. Its NATO Stock Number (NSN) is 1005-16-000-8619.[5]
- CZ 75 P-06
- Same as the P-01 but in .40 S&W
- CZ 75 P-07 DUTY
- The CZ P-07 DUTY is a compact, polymer-framed CZ 75 variant notable for having a redesigned trigger mechanism. The redesign has reduced the number of parts as well as improved the trigger pull. The exterior restyling was greatly influenced by the SPHINX 3000 design (itself being an enhanced Swiss CZ 75 clone). Chambered in 9mm Luger and .40 S&W, the CZ P-07 DUTY also includes the ability to change the manual safety to a decocking lever and vice versa through an exchange of parts.
- CZ P-09 Duty
- Full size version of the P-07
CZ-75 SP-01 with extended-capacity magazine
- CZ 75 SP-01/SP-01 Tactical
- Similar to the P-01 with accessory rail, but with all-steel construction and utilizing the full-size frame and slide as well as incorporating extended-capacity 18-round magazines. It is available with an ambidextrous manual safety (SP-01) or with an ambidextrous decocker (SP-01 Tactical). The CZ 75 (SP-01) was designed for multiple purposes including but not limited to: a military/law enforcement duty sidearm, sidearm for counter-terrorism forces, and field/target shooting.[6] Used in the 2005 IPSC World Shoot XIV by World Champions Adam Tyc and Angus Hobdell (1st and 3rd place respectively in the production division).[7]
- CZ 75 SP-01 Shadow
- New generation of CZ 75 SP-01 pistol especially adapted according to suggestions as proposed by users from Law Enforcement, Military and Police communities worldwide, with an additional input from the Team CZ shooters Angus Hobdell and Adam Tyc. Based on the SP-01, it has no firing pin block resulting in improved trigger travel. It also features a slightly reshaped grip and safety, a “weaker” recoil spring for easier loading, and fiber optic front sight and tactical “Novak style” rear sight.[8]
CZ 75 SP-01 Shadow Line – a competition-centric variant of the CZ-75 model.
- CZ 75 SP-01 Phantom
- The CZ 75 Phantom has a polymer frame, is 33% lighter than steel frame models, with accessory rail and a forged steel slide with a weight saving scalloped profile. Two Interchangeable grip rear strap inserts are included with the Phantom to accommodate users with different sized hands. The pistol is further outfitted with a decocking lever. A CZ 75 variant designed specifically for IPSC competition with extended grip, single-action trigger, heavy-duty free-falling magazines, and an enlarged magazine well. A competition version designed for Open Division IPSC competition, with three port compensator, adjustable trigger, extended magazine release, ambidextrous safeties, fully adjustable sights and two-tone finish, with blued slide and satin nickel frame. Czech Army Paratroopers of the 4th Rapid Deployment Brigade are fully equipped with this pistol from January of 2012.
- CZ 75 Standard IPSC
- A CZ 75 variant designed specifically for IPSC competition with extended grip, single-action trigger, heavy-duty free-falling magazines, and an enlarged magazine well.
- CZ 75 Tactical Sports
- Replacing the ST IPSC was the Tactical Sports model, which featured minor improvements over its very similar predecessor. Available in 9×19mm (20 rounds) or .40 S&W (17 rounds).
- CZ 75 Champion
- A competition version designed for Open Division IPSC competition, with three port compensator, adjustable trigger, extended magazine release, ambidextrous safeties, fully adjustable sights and two-tone finish, with blued slide and satin nickel frame.
- CZ 75 TS Czechmate
- A competition variant based on the Tactical Sports model, equipped with a compensator and electronic red-dot sight on a frame mount. Designed especially for IPSC Open Division (and replacing the older Champion model), the Czechmate presents a turnkey solution for the sport, offering a complete competitive package including additional magazines and spare parts.
The CZ 2075 RAMI subcompact variant designed for concealed carry.
Field stripped CZ 75
- CZ 2075 RAMI
- A subcompact version of the CZ 75 intended for concealed carry. Features a 3-inch barrel, aluminum frame and low-profile sights. Available in 9×19mm or .40 S&W, with standard magazine capacities of 10 (9×19mm) and 8 (.40 S&W) rounds, respectively. An optional 14-round magazine is available for the 9 mm version.
- CZ 2075 RAMI BD
- Same as the 2075 RAMI but includes a decocker and tritium sights.
- CZ 2075 RAMI P
- Polymer framed version
- CZ 75 Kadet/ Kadet 2
- A .22 LR caliber slide/ barrel assembly and magazine kit to fit onto most standard CZ 75B frames (except the Tactical Sport and SP-01 Phantom). The Kadet also used to be sold as a complete pistol (slide assembly and frame), but is now only sold as a slide assembly to be mounted on existing frames. The 2nd generation conversion kit currently being sold is called the “Kadet 2”, and includes a dedicated .22 slide stop that locks the slide back on an empty magazine. Night sights are optional.
- CZ 75 AUTOMATIC
- A selective-fire variant introduced in 1992 intended for law enforcement and military use. One distinguishing characteristic of earlier models is its longer compensated barrel although later models may have a standard barrel. An extra magazine can be attached to the front to act as a makeshift foregrip.
Clones, copies, and variants by other manufacturers[edit]
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Today the CZ factory is located in the Czech Republic (EU) and the handgun is offered worldwide. However, during the Cold War, Czechoslovakia was part of the Warsaw Pact and thoroughly communist in its political outlook. The CZ 75 was the first 9mm semi-auto pistol developed expressly for sale to the West and it offered new ideas in auto-pistol manual safety design, being a dual mode design. It could be carried in the conventional double-action/single-action mode of operation, or it could be carried “cocked and locked” like the 1911 pistol.[9]
Due to a 60 percent duty on Czech-made products at the time and because CZ failed to secure world patent protection for their design, CZ could not market their pistol in the United States when it debuted. Instead, the Italian firm Fratelli Tanfogliomade and marketed the pistol to the West.
Two shooters, American Doug Koenig and Frenchman Eric Grauffel, won the IPSC World Championship using pistols based on the CZ 75 design (all other World Champions up to the time had used pistols based on the John Browning 1911 format).[9] Other notable copies/clones are those of Sphinx Systems.[10]
The clones, copies and variants by other manufacturers include:
FAMAE FN-750
Norinco NZ-75[11][12]
CZ-Strakonice CZ-TT
Renato Gamba G90- Tanfoglio TZ-75, T-90 and T-95[11][12]
IMI Jericho 941[12] and Magnum Research Baby Eagle
- BUL Cherokee and Storm
Baek Du San “백두산권총” (North Korea)
Armscor MAP1 and MAPP1
Military Industry Corporation Marra and Lado
Sphinx Systems Sphinx 2000, Sphinx 3000 and Sphinx SDP[12][13]- ITM AT-84 AT-88[12]
Sarsılmaz Kılınç 2000 & Armalite AR-24[12]- Tristar C-100 & Canik 55 Piranha
JSL (Hereford) Ltd Spitfire (No longer in business since 1996)
Dornaus & Dixon Bren Ten[2]- Vltor Bren Ten[2]
- EAA Witness Elite Gold[12][14]
- Springfield P9[11][12]
Users[edit]
- Many countries use copies and clones produced by local manufacturers (see above). This incomplete list only includes users of the original Czech-made CZ 75 and its variations.
Brazil: Used by the Brazilian Armed Forces[15]
Bulgaria: Used by the Ministry of Interior
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